Details of Metabolite (Meta)

General Information of Metabolite (ID: MT021)
  Meta Name
S-Adenosyl Methionine (SAM)
  Unify Name
S-Adenosylmethionine
  Synonym    Click to Show/Hide the Detailed Synonyms of This Metabolite
(3S)-5'-[(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)methylsulfonio]-5'-deoxyadenosine, inner salt;[1-(Adenin-9-yl)-1,5-dideoxy-beta-D-ribofuranos-5-yl][(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl](methyl)sulfonium;Acylcarnitine;AdoMet;S-(5'-Deoxyadenosin-5'-yl)-L-methionine;SAM;SAMe;(3S)-5'-[(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)methylsulphonio]-5'-deoxyadenosine, inner salt;[1-(Adenin-9-yl)-1,5-dideoxy-b-D-ribofuranos-5-yl][(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl](methyl)sulfonium;[1-(Adenin-9-yl)-1,5-dideoxy-b-D-ribofuranos-5-yl][(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl](methyl)sulphonium;[1-(Adenin-9-yl)-1,5-dideoxy-beta-D-ribofuranos-5-yl][(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl](methyl)sulphonium;[1-(Adenin-9-yl)-1,5-dideoxy-beta-D-ribofuranos-5-yl][(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl](methyl)sulfonium;[1-(Adenin-9-yl)-1,5-dideoxy-beta-D-ribofuranos-5-yl][(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl](methyl)sulphonium;(3S)-5'-[(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)methylsulfonio]-5'-deoxyadenosine;2-S-Adenosyl-L-methionine;5'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-L-methionine disulfate ditosylate;5'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-L-methionine disulphate ditosylate;Active methionine;Ademetionine;Adenosylmethionine;Donamet;L-S-Adenosylmethionine;S-(5'-Adenosyl)-L-methionine;S-Adenosyl methionine;S-Adenosyl-L-methionine;S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate;S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulphate tosylate;S-Adenosyl-methionine;ASTA medica brand OF ademetionine tosilate disulfate;S Adenosylmethionine sulfate tosylate;S-Adenosylmethionine sulfate tosylate;Sulfate tosylate, S-adenosylmethionine;Ademetionine europharma brand;Amet, S;Europharma brand OF ademetionine;Gumbaral;Knoll brand OF brand OF ademetionine tosilate disulfate;S Adenosylmethionine;S Amet;Samyr;Tosylate, S-adenosylmethionine sulfate;S Adenosyl L methionine;SAM-e
  Molecule Type
Other metabolites
  Formula
C15H23N6O5S
  Inchi Key
MEFKEPWMEQBLKI-AIRLBKTGSA-O
  Description    Click to Show/Hide the Detailed Description of This Metabolite
Human Metabolome Database (HMDB): Physiologic methyl radical donor involved in enzymatic transmethylation reactions and present in all living organisms. It possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease. (From Merck, 11th ed)
  External Links   HMDB ID   HMDB0001185
  VMH ID   AMET
  KEGG ID   C00019
  Metlin ID   6064

The epigenetic modification information of this metabolite
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
DNA hypermethylation ASB7 EM Info HT-29 cells Cg20072001 Colorectal carcinoma [1], [2]
DNA Hypomethylation CRISPLD1 EM Info HT-29 cells Cg15953602 Colorectal carcinoma [3], [4]
DNA Hypomethylation CYP4F22 EM Info HT-29 cells Cg24456663 Colorectal carcinoma [1], [2]
DNA Hypomethylation DTX1 EM Info HT-29 cells Cg22685245 Colorectal carcinoma [1], [2]
DNA Hypomethylation GATA4 EM Info HT-29 cells Cg14900471 Colorectal carcinoma [1], [2]
DNA Hypomethylation HAAO EM Info SW480 cells Cg08421126 Colorectal carcinoma [1], [2]
DNA hypermethylation MIR636 EM Info HT-29 cells Cg21028463 Colorectal carcinoma [3], [5]
DNA Hypomethylation MYOCD EM Info HT-29 cells Cg20062401 Colorectal carcinoma [6], [3]
DNA Hypomethylation PAK7 EM Info HT-29 cells Cg22457984 Colorectal carcinoma [3], [4]
DNA Hypomethylation SEZ6L EM Info HT-29 cells Cg09983462 Colorectal carcinoma [7], [8]
DNA hypermethylation SLC39A6 EM Info HT-29 cells Cg04447424 Colorectal carcinoma [3], [4]
DNA Hypomethylation SNORA49 EM Info HT-29 cells Cg07588358 Colorectal carcinoma [3], [4]
DNA Hypomethylation TAL1 EM Info SW480 cells Cg11766986 Colorectal carcinoma [3], [9]
DNA Hypomethylation TAL1 EM Info SW480 cells Cg11432900 Colorectal carcinoma [1], [2]
DNA Hypomethylation TP53INP1 EM Info HT-29 cells Cg13393036 Colorectal carcinoma [10], [2]
DNA Hypomethylation TSPAN11 EM Info HT-29 cells Cg20372004 Colorectal carcinoma [3], [9]
Histone Methylation H3K4 EM Info RAW 264.7 cells TNF-alpha promoter . [10], [2]

The microbes that produce this metabolite
      Escherichia coli
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [3], [4]
         Description
Escherichia coli, also known as E. coli, is a gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacteria of the genus Escherichia.
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a species of yeast. The species has been instrumental in winemaking, baking, and brewing since ancient times. It is the microorganism behind the most common type of fermentation.
      Acholeplasma laidlawii
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Acholeplasma laidlawii are small bacteria which lack a cell wall.
      Mycoplasma gallisepticum
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a bacteria belonging to the class Mollicutes and the family Mycoplasmataceae.
      Spiroplasma melliferum
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Spiroplasma melliferum is a microaerophile, mesophilic animal pathogen.
      Pichia pastoris
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Komagataella pastoris is a methylotrophic yeast that belongs to the class Ascomycetes. It normally exists in the vegetative haploid state.
      Candida utilis
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Candida utilis, also known as Cyberlindnera jadinii or Lindnera jadinii, is an aerobic yeast.
      Scheffersomyces stipitis
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Scheffersomyces stipitis is a anaerobic, crabtree negative yeast, commonly known for its capacity to ferment pentose sugars.
      Kluyveromyces lactis
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Kluyveromyces lactis is a facultative anaerobic yeast which has the ability to assimilate lactose and convert it into lactic acid.
      Kluyveromyces marxianus
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Kluyveromyces marxianus is an aerobic yeast and member of the genus, Kluyveromyces. It is the sexual stage of Atelosaccharomyces pseudotropicalis also known as Candida kefyr.
      Corynebacterium glutamicum
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Corynebacteria glutamicum is a small, non-moving gram-positive soil bacteria. Physically, it is rod shaped with the ends swelled in a shape similar to a club.
      Candida sp.
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Candida sp. is a gram-negative, rod shaped, non-motile, aerobic bacteria.
      Kluyveromyces sp.
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Kluyveromyces sp. is an aerobic bacteria of ascomycetous yeasts in the family Saccharomycetaceae.

References
1 S-Adenosylmethionine Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines Alters DNA Methylation, DNA Repair and Tumor Progression-Related Gene Expression. Cells. 2020 Aug 9;9(8):1864. doi: 10.3390/cells9081864.
2 Progress in the microbial production of S-adenosyl-L-methionine World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Sep;32(9):153. doi: 10.1007/s11274-016-2102-8. Epub 2016 Jul 27.
3 Gut Microbiota as Important Mediator Between Diet and DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications in the Host. Nutrients. 2020 Feb 25;12(3):597. doi: 10.3390/nu12030597.
4 Heterochromatinization induced by GAA-repeat hyperexpansion in Friedreich's ataxia can be reduced upon HDAC inhibition by vitamin B3. Hum Mol Genet. 2013 Jul 1;22(13):2662-75. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddt115. Epub 2013 Mar 7.
5 Riboflavin supplementation alters global and gene-specific DNA methylation in adults with the MTHFR 677 TT genotype. Biochimie. 2020 Jun;173:17-26. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.04.007. Epub 2020 Apr 22.
6 Response of MiRNA-22-3p and MiRNA-149-5p to Folate Deficiency and the Differential Regulation of MTHFR Expression in Normal and Cancerous Human Hepatocytes. PLoS One. 2017 Jan 3;12(1):e0168049. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168049. eCollection 2017.
7 Butyrate greatly enhances derivation of human induced pluripotent stem cells by promoting epigenetic remodeling and the expression of pluripotency-associated genes. Stem Cells. 2010 Apr;28(4):713-20. doi: 10.1002/stem.402.
8 Polyphasic Characterization of Yeasts and Lactic Acid Bacteria Metabolic Contribution in Semi-Solid Fermentation of Chinese Baijiu (Traditional Fermented Alcoholic Drink): Towards the Design of a Tailored Starter Culture Microorganisms. 2019 May 25;7(5):147. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7050147.
9 High levels of circulating folate concentrations are associated with DNA methylation of tumor suppressor and repair genes p16, MLH1, and MGMT in elderly Chileans. Clin Epigenetics. 2017 Jul 24;9:74. doi: 10.1186/s13148-017-0374-y. eCollection 2017.
10 S-adenosylmethionine inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced gene expression via modulation of histone methylation. Hepatology. 2008 May;47(5):1655-66. doi: 10.1002/hep.22231.

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