Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MC0749)
  MIC Name
Streptococcus salivarius
  Synonym
Streptococcus salivarius subsp. salivarius
  Lineage Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Lactobacillales
Family: Streptococcaceae
Genus: Streptococcus
  Oxygen Sensitivity
Facultative anaerobe
  Microbial Metabolism
Saccharolytic; Respiratory or Fermentative
  Gram
Positive
  Host Relationship
Opportunistic pathogen; Commensal
  Genome Size (bp)
2344494
  No. of Coding Genes
2080
  No. of Non-Coding Genes
41
  No. of Small Non-Coding Genes
41
  No. of Gene Transcripts
2121
  No. of Base Pairs
2344494
  Description
Streptococcus salivarius is a species of spherical, gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacteria that is both catalase and oxidase negative. S. salivarius colonizes the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract of humans just a few hours after birth, making further exposure to the bacteria harmless in most circumstances. The bacteria is considered an opportunistic pathogen, rarely finding its way into the bloodstream, where it has been implicated in cases of sepsis in people with neutropenia.
  External Links Taxonomy ID 1304
GutMDisorder ID gm0624
Genome Assembly ID De_Novo_Assembly
GOLD Database ID Go0005535
GIMICA ID MIC01268

Full List of Metabolite(s) Produced by This MIC
     Molecule Type: Fatty acids
           Metabolite Name: Butyrate Click to Show/Hide
              Detailed Infomation Meta Info click to show the detail information of this Metabolite
              Metabolic Classification Microbial producted compound [end-products]
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
DNA Demethylation DPPA2 EM Info iPS cells promoter . [1], [2]
DNA Demethylation POU5F1 EM Info iPS cells promoter . [1], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3 EM Info CD41T cells Foxo3A promoter . [3], [2]
Histone Crotonylation H3K9 EM Info KGN cells GPR43 . [4], [2]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC2 EM Info . . . [5], [2]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC1 EM Info . . . [5], [2]
miRNA miR-92a EM Info Colon cancer cells . Colon cancer [6], [2]


References
1 Butyrate greatly enhances derivation of human induced pluripotent stem cells by promoting epigenetic remodeling and the expression of pluripotency-associated genes. Stem Cells. 2010 Apr;28(4):713-20. doi: 10.1002/stem.402.
2 Inhibition of the NF-kappaB pathway in human intestinal epithelial cells by commensal Streptococcus salivarius Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Jul;77(13):4681-4. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03021-10. Epub 2011 May 20.
3 Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells. Nature. 2013 Dec 19;504(7480):446-50. doi: 10.1038/nature12721. Epub 2013 Nov 13.
4 Butyrate drives the acetylation of histone H3K9 to activate steroidogenesis through PPAR-gamma and PGC1-alpha pathways in ovarian granulosa cells. FASEB J. 2021 Feb;35(2):e21316. doi: 10.1096/fj.202000444R.
5 Dietary metabolites derived from gut microbiota: critical modulators of epigenetic changes in mammals. Nutr Rev. 2017 May 1;75(5):374-389. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nux001.
6 Crosstalk between the microbiome and epigenome: messages from bugs. J Biochem. 2018 Feb 1;163(2):105-112. doi: 10.1093/jb/mvx080.

If You Find Any Error in Data or Bug in Web Service, Please Kindly Report It to Dr. Tang and Dr. Zhang.