Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MC0500)
  MIC Name
Megasphaera elsdenii DSM 20460
  Synonym
Megasphaera elsdenii ATCC 25940, Megasphaera elsdenii LC1
  Lineage Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Negativicutes
Order: Selenomonadales
Family: Veillonellaceae
Genus: Megasphaera
  Oxygen Sensitivity
Obligate anaerobe
  Microbial Metabolism
Fermentative; Respiratory
  Gram
Negative
  Host Relationship
Commensal
  Genome Size (bp)
2474718
  No. of Coding Genes
2220
  No. of Non-Coding Genes
84
  No. of Small Non-Coding Genes
84
  No. of Gene Transcripts
2305
  No. of Pseudogenes 1
  Description
Megasphaera elsdenii DSM 20460 is a strain of obligate anaerobic, gram-negative, saccharolytic, fermentative bacteria.
  External Links Taxonomy ID 1064535
Genome Assembly ID ASM28349v2
GOLD Database ID Go0001230

Full List of Metabolite(s) Produced by This MIC
     Molecule Type: Fatty acids
           Metabolite Name: Acetate Click to Show/Hide
              Detailed Infomation Meta Info click to show the detail information of this Metabolite
              Metabolic Classification Microbial producted compound [end-products]
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
Histone Acetylation H3K27 EM Info HepG2 cells FASN promoter Hypoxia [1], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K27 EM Info HepG2 cells ACACA promoter Hypoxia [3], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K9 EM Info HepG2 cells VEGF promoter Hypoxia [4], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K56 EM Info HepG2 cells FASN promoter Hypoxia [5], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K9 EM Info HepG2 cells FASN promoter Hypoxia [5], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K27 EM Info HepG2 cells VEGF promoter Hypoxia [2], [6]
Histone Acetylation H3K27 EM Info HepG2 cells LDHA promoter Hypoxia [7], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K56 EM Info HepG2 cells ACACA promoter Hypoxia [7], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K56 EM Info HepG2 cells LDHA promoter Hypoxia [7], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K9 EM Info HepG2 cells ACACA promoter Hypoxia [7], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K9 EM Info HepG2 cells LDHA promoter Hypoxia [7], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K56 EM Info HepG2 cells VEGF promoter Hypoxia [8], [2]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC9 EM Info Eosinophil cell . Asthma [1], [2]
           Metabolite Name: Butyrate Click to Show/Hide
              Detailed Infomation Meta Info click to show the detail information of this Metabolite
              Metabolic Classification Microbial producted compound [end-products]
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
DNA Demethylation DPPA2 EM Info iPS cells promoter . [7], [2]
DNA Demethylation POU5F1 EM Info iPS cells promoter . [7], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K9 EM Info KGN cells GPR43 . [9], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3 EM Info CD41T cells Foxo3A promoter . [7], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K9 EM Info KGN cells GPR41 . [7], [2]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC2 EM Info . . . [7], [2]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC1 EM Info . . . [7], [2]
miRNA miR-92a EM Info Colon cancer cells . Colon cancer [7], [2]
           Metabolite Name: Lactate Click to Show/Hide
              Detailed Infomation Meta Info click to show the detail information of this Metabolite
              Metabolic Classification Microbial producted compound [end-products]
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
miRNA miR-141-3P EM Info Oral epithelial cells . Autistic spectrum disorder [9], [2]
           Metabolite Name: Propionate Click to Show/Hide
              Detailed Infomation Meta Info click to show the detail information of this Metabolite
              Metabolic Classification Microbial producted compound [end-products]
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
Histone Propionylation H3K23 EM Info C2C12 cells Myod . [9], [2]
Histone Propionylation H3 EM Info Primary myocytes lysine 23 Health [10], [2]
           Metabolite Name: Valerate Click to Show/Hide
              Detailed Infomation Meta Info click to show the detail information of this Metabolite
              Metabolic Classification Microbial producted compound [end-products]
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
Histone Acetylation H4 EM Info . . . [11], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3 EM Info . . . [10], [2]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC2 EM Info HT-29 cells . . [12], [2]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC3 EM Info HT-29 cells . . [2], [6]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC1 EM Info HT-29 cells . . [11], [2]


References
1 Dietary metabolites derived from gut microbiota: critical modulators of epigenetic changes in mammals. Nutr Rev. 2017 May 1;75(5):374-389. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nux001.
2 The Virtual Metabolic Human database: integrating human and gut microbiome metabolism with nutrition and disease. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019 Jan 8;47(D1):D614-D624. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky992.
3 Evidence that asthma is a developmental origin disease influenced by maternal diet and bacterial metabolites. Nat Commun. 2015 Jun 23;6:7320. doi: 10.1038/ncomms8320.
4 Crosstalk between the microbiome and epigenome: messages from bugs. J Biochem. 2018 Feb 1;163(2):105-112. doi: 10.1093/jb/mvx080.
5 Gut Microbiota as Important Mediator Between Diet and DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications in the Host. Nutrients. 2020 Feb 25;12(3):597. doi: 10.3390/nu12030597.
6 Propionate hampers differentiation and modifies histone propionylation and acetylation in skeletal muscle cells. Mech Ageing Dev. 2021 Jun;196:111495. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111495. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
7 Acetate functions as an epigenetic metabolite to promote lipid synthesis under hypoxia. Nat Commun. 2016 Jun 30;7:11960. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11960.
8 Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells. Nature. 2013 Dec 19;504(7480):446-50. doi: 10.1038/nature12721. Epub 2013 Nov 13.
9 Human gut bacteria as potent class I histone deacetylase inhibitors in vitro through production of butyric acid and valeric acid. PLoS One. 2018 Jul 27;13(7):e0201073. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201073. eCollection 2018.
10 Butyrate greatly enhances derivation of human induced pluripotent stem cells by promoting epigenetic remodeling and the expression of pluripotency-associated genes. Stem Cells. 2010 Apr;28(4):713-20. doi: 10.1002/stem.402.
11 Butyrate drives the acetylation of histone H3K9 to activate steroidogenesis through PPAR-gamma and PGC1-alpha pathways in ovarian granulosa cells. FASEB J. 2021 Feb;35(2):e21316. doi: 10.1096/fj.202000444R.
12 Potential Associations Among Alteration of Salivary miRNAs, Saliva Microbiome Structure, and Cognitive Impairments in Autistic Children. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Aug 27;21(17):6203. doi: 10.3390/ijms21176203.

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