Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MC0116)
  MIC Name
Clostridium sp. A2012
  Lineage Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Clostridia
Order: Eubacteriales
Family: Clostridiaceae
Genus: Clostridium
  Oxygen Sensitivity
Anaerobe
  Microbial Metabolism
Saccharolytic; Fermentative
  Gram
Positive
  Description
Clostridium is a genus of gram-positive bacteria. This genus includes several significant human pathogens, including the causative agents of botulism and tetanus.
  External Links Taxonomy ID 1506

Full List of Metabolite(s) Produced by This MIC
     Molecule Type: Fatty acids
           Metabolite Name: Acetate Click to Show/Hide
              Detailed Infomation Meta Info click to show the detail information of this Metabolite
              Metabolic Classification Microbial producted compound [end-products]
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
Histone Acetylation H4 EM Info Eosinophil cell Foxo3A promoter Asthma [1], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K27 EM Info HepG2 cells LDHA promoter Hypoxia [3], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K9 EM Info HepG2 cells LDHA promoter Hypoxia [3], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K9 EM Info HepG2 cells ACACA promoter Hypoxia [4], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K27 EM Info HepG2 cells FASN promoter Hypoxia [5], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3K56 EM Info HepG2 cells FASN promoter Hypoxia [6], [2]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC9 EM Info Eosinophil cell . Asthma [1], [2]
           Metabolite Name: Butyrate Click to Show/Hide
              Detailed Infomation Meta Info click to show the detail information of this Metabolite
              Metabolic Classification Microbial producted compound [end-products]
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
DNA Demethylation DPPA2 EM Info iPS cells promoter . [7], [2]
DNA Demethylation POU5F1 EM Info iPS cells promoter . [8], [2]
Histone Acetylation H3 EM Info CD41T cells Foxo3A promoter . [7], [2]
Histone Crotonylation H3K9 EM Info KGN cells GPR43 . [8], [2]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC2 EM Info . . . [7], [2]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC1 EM Info . . . [7], [2]
miRNA miR-92a EM Info Colon cancer cells . Colon cancer [7], [2]
           Metabolite Name: Propionate Click to Show/Hide
              Detailed Infomation Meta Info click to show the detail information of this Metabolite
              Metabolic Classification Microbial producted compound [end-products]
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
Histone Propionylation H3K23 EM Info C2C12 cells Myod . [9], [2]
Histone Propionylation H3 EM Info Primary myocytes lysine 23 Health [5], [2]


References
1 Dietary metabolites derived from gut microbiota: critical modulators of epigenetic changes in mammals. Nutr Rev. 2017 May 1;75(5):374-389. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nux001.
2 Stoichiometry of glucose and starch splitting by strains of amylolytic bacteria from the rumen and anaerobic digester J Appl Bacteriol. 1986 Jul;61(1):81-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1986.tb03761.x.
3 Evidence that asthma is a developmental origin disease influenced by maternal diet and bacterial metabolites. Nat Commun. 2015 Jun 23;6:7320. doi: 10.1038/ncomms8320.
4 Crosstalk between the microbiome and epigenome: messages from bugs. J Biochem. 2018 Feb 1;163(2):105-112. doi: 10.1093/jb/mvx080.
5 Propionate hampers differentiation and modifies histone propionylation and acetylation in skeletal muscle cells. Mech Ageing Dev. 2021 Jun;196:111495. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111495. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
6 Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells. Nature. 2013 Dec 19;504(7480):446-50. doi: 10.1038/nature12721. Epub 2013 Nov 13.
7 Acetate functions as an epigenetic metabolite to promote lipid synthesis under hypoxia. Nat Commun. 2016 Jun 30;7:11960. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11960.
8 Butyrate greatly enhances derivation of human induced pluripotent stem cells by promoting epigenetic remodeling and the expression of pluripotency-associated genes. Stem Cells. 2010 Apr;28(4):713-20. doi: 10.1002/stem.402.
9 Butyrate drives the acetylation of histone H3K9 to activate steroidogenesis through PPAR-gamma and PGC1-alpha pathways in ovarian granulosa cells. FASEB J. 2021 Feb;35(2):e21316. doi: 10.1096/fj.202000444R.

If You Find Any Error in Data or Bug in Web Service, Please Kindly Report It to Dr. Tang and Dr. Zhang.