Details of Metabolite (Meta)

General Information of Metabolite (ID: MT025)
  Meta Name
Quinolic acid
  Unify Name
Quinolinic acid
  Synonym    Click to Show/Hide the Detailed Synonyms of This Metabolite
2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid;Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylate;2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylate;Quinolinate;Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid;3,4-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid;Pyridin-2,3-dicarbonsaeure;Pyridine-2,3-carboxylate;Quinolinic acid
  Molecule Type
Tryptophan metabolites
  Formula
C7H5NO4
  Inchi Key
GJAWHXHKYYXBSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  Description    Click to Show/Hide the Detailed Description of This Metabolite
Quinolinic acid, also known as quinolinate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyridinecarboxylic acids. Pyridinecarboxylic acids are compounds containing a pyridine ring bearing a carboxylic acid group. Quinolinic acid is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Quinolinic acid has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as Ceylon cinnamons, pitanga, Oregon yampahs, red bell peppers, and durians. This could make quinolinic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Quinolinic acid is a metabolite of tryptophan with a possible role in neurodegenerative disorders. Elevated CSF levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS. Quinolinic acid is a product of tryptophan metabolism that can act as an endogenous brain excitotoxin when released by activated macrophages.
  External Links   HMDB ID   HMDB0000232
  VMH ID   QULN
  KEGG ID   C03722

The epigenetic modification information of this metabolite
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
DNA Methylation DNMT EM Info . . . [1], [2]

The microbes that produce this metabolite
      Eubacterium hallii
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [3], [4]
         Description
Anaerobutyricum hallii is an anaerobic bacteria that lives inside the human digestive system.
      Clostridium sporogenes
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Clostridium sporogenes is a species of gram-positive bacteria that belongs to the genus Clostridium.

References
1 Gut Microbiota as Important Mediator Between Diet and DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications in the Host. Nutrients. 2020 Feb 25;12(3):597. doi: 10.3390/nu12030597.
2 Kynurenine, 3-OH-kynurenine, and anthranilate are nutrient metabolites that alter H3K4 trimethylation and H2AS40 O-GlcNAcylation at hypothalamus-related loci. Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 24;9(1):19768. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56341-x.
3 Butyrate drives the acetylation of histone H3K9 to activate steroidogenesis through PPAR-gamma and PGC1-alpha pathways in ovarian granulosa cells. FASEB J. 2021 Feb;35(2):e21316. doi: 10.1096/fj.202000444R.
4 Mucin Cross-Feeding of Infant Bifidobacteria and Eubacterium hallii Microb Ecol. 2018 Jan;75(1):228-238. doi: 10.1007/s00248-017-1037-4. Epub 2017 Jul 18.

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