Details of Metabolite (Meta)

General Information of Metabolite (ID: MT005)
  Meta Name
Valerolactone
  Unify Name
Dihydro-3-methyl-2(3H)-furanone
  Synonym    Click to Show/Hide the Detailed Synonyms of This Metabolite
Gama-valerolactone;2-Methyl-4-butanolide;2-Methyl-laquo gammaraquo -butyrolactone;2-Methylbutanolide;3-Methyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone;3-Methyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
  Molecule Type
Phenolic compounds
  Formula
C5H8O2
  Inchi Key
QGLBZNZGBLRJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  Description    Click to Show/Hide the Detailed Description of This Metabolite
Dihydro-3-methyl-2(3H)-furanone, also known as gama-valerolactone or 2-methyl-4-butanolide, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as gamma butyrolactones. Gamma butyrolactones are compounds containing a gamma butyrolactone moiety, which consists of an aliphatic five-member ring with four carbon atoms, one oxygen atom, and bears a ketone group on the carbon adjacent to the oxygen atom. Dihydro-3-methyl-2(3H)-furanone is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Outside of the human body, Dihydro-3-methyl-2(3H)-furanone has been detected, but not quantified in, fruits.
  External Links   HMDB ID   HMDB0035143

The epigenetic modification information of this metabolite
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
DNA Methylation DNMT EM Info . . . [1], [2]
Histone Deacetylation HDAC EM Info . . . [3], [4]
Histone Methylation HMT EM Info . . . [3], [4]

The microbes that produce this metabolite
      Subdoligranulum
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Subdoligranulum is a genus of gram-negative, strictly anaerobic bacteria from the family Oscillospiraceae.
      Clostridium difficile
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [3], [4]
         Description
Clostridioides difficile is a species of gram-positive, anaerobic bacteria from the genus Clostridioides.

References
1 Gut Microbiota as Important Mediator Between Diet and DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications in the Host. Nutrients. 2020 Feb 25;12(3):597. doi: 10.3390/nu12030597.
2 Lysine benzoylation is a histone mark regulated by SIRT2. Nat Commun. 2018 Aug 28;9(1):3374. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05567-w.
3 Butyrate greatly enhances derivation of human induced pluripotent stem cells by promoting epigenetic remodeling and the expression of pluripotency-associated genes. Stem Cells. 2010 Apr;28(4):713-20. doi: 10.1002/stem.402.
4 Para-cresol production by Clostridium difficile affects microbial diversity and membrane integrity of Gram-negative bacteria PLoS Pathog. 2018 Sep 12;14(9):e1007191. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007191. eCollection 2018 Sep.

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