Details of Metabolite (Meta)

General Information of Metabolite (ID: MT102)
  Meta Name
Acetaldehyde
  Unify Name
Acetaldehyde
  Synonym    Click to Show/Hide the Detailed Synonyms of This Metabolite
Acetaldehyd;Acetaldehydes;Acetic aldehyde;Azetaldehyd;Ethanal;Ethyl aldehyde;Aldehyde
  Molecule Type
Short-chain aldehydes
  Formula
C2H4O
  Inchi Key
IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  Description    Click to Show/Hide the Detailed Description of This Metabolite
Human Metabolome Database (HMDB): Acetaldehyde is a colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis. Small amounts of acetaldehyde are produced naturally through gut microbial fermentation. Acetaldehyde is produced through the action of alcohol dehydrogenase on ethanol and is somewhate more toxic than ethanol. Acetaldehyde is linked to most of the negative clinical effects of alcohol. It has been shown to increase the risk of developing cirrhosis of the liver, multiple forms of cancer, and alcoholism. Acetaldehyde is found to be associated with aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism.
  External Links   HMDB ID   HMDB0000990
  VMH ID   acald
  KEGG ID   C00084
  Metlin ID   3200

The epigenetic modification information of this metabolite
Modification Type Molecule EM Info Cell/Tissue Type Modified sites Condition REF
DNA Hypermethylation ADHFE1 EM Info . . . [1], [2]

The microbes that produce this metabolite
      Gemella sanguinis
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Gemella sanguinis is a species of bacteria within the genus Gemella. Strains of this species were originally isolated from samples of human blood, and in one case from a patient with endocarditis.
      Neisseria flavescens
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Neisseria flavescens is a gram-negative, aerobic bacteria reside in the mucosal membranes of the upper respiratory tract, functioning as commensals.
      Candida
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Candida sp. is a gram-negative, rod shaped, non-motile, aerobic bacteria.
      Candida albicans
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic yeast that is a common member of the human gut flora. It can also survive outside the human body.
      Candida tropicalis
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Candida tropicalis is a species of yeast in the genus Candida. It is a common pathogen in neutropenic hosts, in whom it may spread through the bloodstream to peripheral organs.
      Candida krusei
         Detailed Information MIC Info click to show the detail information of this Microbiota [1], [2]
         Description
Candida krusei is a budding yeast involved in chocolate production. Candida krusei is an emerging fungal nosocomial pathogen primarily found in the immunocompromised and those with hematological malignancies.

References
1 Relationship between acetaldehyde concentration in mouth air and characteristics of microbiota of tongue dorsum in Japanese healthy adults: a cross-sectional study J Appl Oral Sci. 2019 Jun 13;27:e20180635. doi: 10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0635.
2 Molecular Basis of Alcohol-Related Gastric and Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 May 24;18(6):1116. doi: 10.3390/ijms18061116.

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